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Locking scope before work began cut design time from 40 hours to 24.

A process inside the delivery rework, run by all nine team leads. Design committed only to work it could deliver with confidence, and every change to scope went through review.

The problem

Requests did not say what design would deliver or what part design played in the outcome, so the work grew while designers were in it.

The constraint

Nine team leads had to adopt the process on live projects while still delivering.

The outcome

Design time per project fell from 40 hours to 24. Teams whose leads ran the process most consistently gained the most.

40 → 24 hoursdesign hours per projectdesign hours per project: 40 hours before, 24 hours after.
9team leads, all running itteam leads, all running it: 9 of 9.

Hours measured through the department's time tracking.

The scope document named exactly what design would deliver

Each request now carried a scope document, and both sides agreed to it before work began.

The design scope document
Recreated
Design scope document
1Design deliverables
2Project objective
3Design's role
4Contingencies
5Dependent setsSetAfterDate
6AgreementRequesterDesign
  1. 1
    Design deliverablesThe exact deliverables design commits to.
  2. 2
    Project objectiveWhat the project has to achieve.
  3. 3
    Design's roleWhat design owns in reaching the objective.
  4. 4
    ContingenciesOpen questions that could change the work enough to move the date.
  5. 5
    Dependent setsDeliverables tied to the first set, scoped and dated once it is done.
  6. 6
    AgreementBoth sides agree before work begins.
1. Design deliverables: The exact deliverables design commits to.. 2. Project objective: What the project has to achieve.. 3. Design's role: What design owns in reaching the objective.. 4. Contingencies: Open questions that could change the work enough to move the date.. 5. Dependent sets: Deliverables tied to the first set, scoped and dated once it is done.. 6. Agreement: Both sides agree before work begins..

Where an open question could change the work enough to put the date at risk, the document said so. Design committed to the deliverables it could deliver with confidence. Later sets of deliverables were tied to that first set as dependencies, and each got its own date once the first set was done.

How an uncertain scope was committed in stages
First set
Committed with a date
Dependent set
Contingency in the scopeScoped and dated
First set delivered
Time (illustrative)
  • Committed work
  • Named as a contingency, no date yet
  • Pulled in and dated
First set: Committed with a date (0 to 4). Dependent set: Contingency in the scope (0 to 4); Scoped and dated (4 to 8). Milestone at 4: First set delivered.

A change to scope came in as a new request, linked to the open project

Team leads and designers could raise a change themselves, so the process did not block a project that needed to move. Change requests needed less review than new work, and each one left a record against the project.

A change after the lock
01A change is needed after the lock
02Does it affect the delivery or the objective?
No: a ticket commentRecorded in the ticket during design review.
03Yes: a new request, classed as a changeLinked to the project already open.
04Review and approvalStates the change, its impact on delivery, and why it has to happen now instead of later.
Step 1: A change is needed after the lock. Step 2: Does it affect the delivery or the objective?. Exit: No: a ticket comment. Step 3: Yes: a new request, classed as a change. Step 4: Review and approval.

Nine team leads moved to the process in two months

All nine team leads ran it. The first month was a trial: leads could still use the old process, as long as at least half of their new requests went through the new one. From the second month every new request used it, and the old process needed an exception approved in operational review. Pushback came with learning a new process while still delivering, and the trial month gave leads room to adapt.

The leads who ran it most consistently saw the largest gains

Results followed how each lead ran the process. Teams whose leads used it consistently and with intent saw the biggest improvements in delivery time and in the quality of what they delivered. Coaching for the others started from three questions: what actions could close the gap, what outcome each would produce, and how they would know the outcome was useful.

In practice

USF behind eight real operational initiatives.